![]() We concluded that GonaCon use for population management of elk warrants consideration as part of a strategy to control brucellosis. The results indicated that either dose of GonaCon prevented pregnancy of elk cows for at least 3 yr. Rates of infertility for control cows were 23%, 28%, and 0% (P<0.0001). They average about 6 feet tall, and typically weigh around 800 pounds. Known predators are grizzly bears, wolves and cougars. Elk are prized by hunters for their hides and meat, which is low in fat and high in protein. ![]() Their antlers grow up to 4 feet long, and can weigh up to 40 pounds. ![]() For cows given 1,000 microg GonaCon the percentages that were infertile for 2005, 2006, and 2007 were 86%, 90%, and 100%, respectively, compared with 90%, 100%, and 100% for cows given 2,000 microg GonaCon. Elk are the largest species of deer found in the game. Blood samples were taken in February 2005 and March 20 for pregnancy testing, progesterone assays, and antibody titers. In November 2004, 2005, and 2006, cows were grouped with bulls for the breeding season. In September 2004, cows were given a single immunization of either 1,000 microg (n = 12) or 2,000 microg (n = 10) of GonaCon and compared with a group of adjuvant-treated controls (n = 15). The objective of this study was to evaluate the contraceptive efficacy of a gonadotropin-releasing hormone vaccine (GonaCon) in female elk. Because transmission of brucellosis is dependent on pregnancy, contraception of cows could be used for both disease and population management. Brucella abortus is transmitted among elk through direct contact with aborted fetuses, placentas and associated fluids, or postpartum discharge of infected animals. Overabundant populations of elk (Cervus elaphus) are a significant concern in some areas of the western United States because of potential ecologic damage and spread of brucellosis to domestic livestock.
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